Paper is one of the four great inventions in ancient China. Traceable sources can be traced back to the Eastern Han period of Cai Lun Paper. This is said to have the proof of "Cai Lun Biography" in Later Han Dynasty.
The creation of ancient literati painters and painters was inseparable from rice paper. The rice paper now referred to refers to the paper for calligraphy and painting that is produced mainly from the raw materials of green sandalwood bark and straw rice straw. Its characteristics are: tough and able to run, light but not slippery. Those who are thin can be strong, those who are thick can be endowed, those that are white in color like frost, those that do not change color for a long time, those that do not hurt, which are resistant to decay, and that are unique in its "ink-moisture."
The so-called name of the paper, the name of rice paper originates from the origin. The "Xuanzhou" jurisdiction of the Tang Dynasty is equivalent to the south of the Yangtze River in Anhui Province today, the area north of Huangshan Mountain and Jiuhuashan Mountain, and today's Jiangsu Surabaya and Fuyang regions. Its government administrative district is located in Xuancheng. The paper produced in this area was also collected in Xuancheng and was called "Xuan Paper".
According to the sampling test of Ming Xuan Paper, the results showed that all of them were Tannin pulp fibers. This confirms that the raw material for the production of rice paper in the Ming Dynasty was a single green sandal bark. The addition of rice straw pulp to rice paper is only known after the Qing Dynasty.
In the end, what was the genus of the genus Spartan was not known until the founding of the People’s Republic of China. In 1937, Jia's “Chinese Plant Booklet†received a kind of “Wingpu†and entered the ramie class. It was closely related to the Qing Tan. The book only said that the wood is dense and can be used to make appliances and construction. Timber bark can make paper. Although the 1957 Chinese Tree Taxonomy of Chen Xishi was named "Qingtan" and its genus was clearly defined, it was focused on the Fangshan and Changping areas in Beijing, and the growth of the green sandalwood in the mountains of southern Anhui was only mentioned. Until 1977-1980, relevant domestic botanists and paper-making experts reviewed a large amount of data and investigated the ecology of green sandalwood on the spot. They concluded that the blue sandalwood is a unique plant of our country and is produced in the northern and central parts of China. Hi light, drought-resistance and barrenness are indicative plants of calcareous nature. The material can be used for construction. Bark is the main raw material for producing rice paper. The main producing areas are Xuancheng, Huizhou, and Chizhou in southern Anhui, and some counties in Hubei, Zhejiang, and Jiangxi, neighboring Anhui, also have growth.
From the Jin and Tang Dynasties to the Ming Dynasty, all papers for calligraphy and painting were mostly cooked paper. (That is, processed paper) The yellow paper used by the Tang people for writing is divided into yellow and hard yellow. The hard yellow is set on the hot iron with paper and coated with yellow wax to make the paper hard and transparent. In the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Yanyuan recorded in the “Famous Paintings of Ancient Dynastiesâ€: It is advisable to set a hundred sheets of Xuan Paper and use wax to prepare for writing. The rice paper was revealed to the world during the Ming Xuande period. During this period, Chinese traditional ink-and-wash paintings have made great progress, and the unique ink-washing and permeability of Xuan Paper has provided great help for the expressiveness of the works of the painters. During Xuande's rice paper, there are several varieties of rice paper: Gongjian, white rice, sprinkle gold, five-color powder, five-color big curtain paper, and magnetic blue paper. All the rice paper here is Chen Qing.
Speaking of species, the following brief introduction:
According to the proportion of ingredients, it can be divided into three categories: cotton, net, and special net.
Cotton: 30% to 40% of denim leather; straw accounts for 60% to 70%
Cleansing: 40 to 10% of Tanskin; straw to 20% to 40%
Special net: Qingtan leather accounts for about 85% to 95%; straw accounts for about 5% to 15%
According to the different thickness can be divided into single Xuan, clip Xuan and so on.
The so-called single declaration is a single-layer, relatively thin rice paper. And Xuan Xuan is a rice paper made by continuously making two copies.
The current production of rice paper and according to the different processing, can be divided into students declared, cooked Xuan, paper three categories.
Sheng Xuan is without any treatment, and retains the characteristics of osmotic, water absorption, and ordinary inks with strong ink repellency.
Cooked propaganda is to add a layer of plastic enamel to the skin to make it lose its osmotic and water absorption characteristics. Therefore, mature propaganda is also known as "Xuan Xuan." Used for painting.
The paper is a paper made by Shengxuan for different uses, such as printing, dyeing, feeding, rubbing wax, dipping light, peat gold, peat gold silver powder, sprinkled gold and silver foil, gold and silver patterns. It is often referred to as a "flower" or "Kinka."
Ordinary rice paper processed into paper, often with a variety of elegant names. Such as the jade version (is based on starch as a binder, will be made from more than two layers of raw materials), tiger skin Xuan (also known as gold millet, is dyed Xuan paper processing spots spotted, so that it is beautiful) .
In 1993, when I was on a business trip to the mountains of western Fujian, I happened to meet a rice paper workshop where craftsmen used bamboo blinds to make paper in concrete-made ponds. The ponds and straws of the ponds were filled with paper stock and carambola vines. The juice and other medicinal materials are white and white. The artisans skillfully put the bamboo curtains into the pool with hand-held bamboo curtains, and then gently copy them. The wooden gongs used as the power for the outside of the house are repeated with the sound of a Qing Tan leather material, like ancient drums. Accompanied by the ear, in the workshop, a couple of feet high, ten feet long and ten feet in a paper basket igniting the flames. The workshop was filled with the fragrance of a piece of pulp. The craftsmen wiped the sweat on their forehead and embedded them in the pool. One of the simplified abacuses dialed a bead and took a look, only to discover that it was the king craftsman who used it for counting, and copied five into one, and the situation was as good as yesterday.
Got up to the bookshelf to take a book and turn it around. The kind of reminiscent of the soft, soft and fragrant book returned to her side.