Interferon antiviral mystery unravels to help develop new drugs for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B
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China Science and Technology News Although the medical community discovered and confirmed the antiviral effect of "interferon" as early as the 1950s, the exact mechanism of how it works is still a mystery. Fudan University recently released news that experts have solved the mystery.
According to reports, the research team of Yuan Zhenghong, director of the Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of the Ministry of Education and the Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of the Shanghai Medical College of the school found that "interferon-a" carries the Molecules such as antiviral proteins and nucleic acids have a new mechanism of antiviral effect after transmission between cells. This discovery has great significance for the future development of new drugs for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B and other viral infectious diseases. The result was published online in the international authoritative journal Nature and Immunology on July 7.
Interferon is a group of active proteins with multiple functions and extensive antiviral effects. The hepatocytes in the liver are the only place where hepatitis B virus moves and replicates; the non-parenchymal cells in the liver connect and support the hepatocytes. "Exosome" is a microcapsule structure secreted actively by cells. "Exosomes" play an important role in the communication between cells, under different conditions, play a role in promoting or inhibiting the occurrence and development of tumors. The research team found that in the liver, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and macrophages in non-parenchymal cells secrete "exosomes", and under the induction of "interferon-a", they are transported to virus susceptibility by specific means After the liver cells are in, the "exosome" will "desperately" resist or clear the hepatitis B virus infection.
The researchers said that in response to disease mutations and drug resistance, these antiviral molecules present in the "exosome" are like a "full weapon" "advanced weapon" made by the "immune military factory", forcing the virus Unable to mutate or develop drug resistance. As a result, "interferon-a" induces "exosomes" secreted by cells and has a broad-spectrum and highly effective antiviral effect. The research group has applied for a national patent on the project of "interferon-a" processing cells to secrete "exosomes" for antiviral therapy, and related preclinical research work is also in progress.
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