One: The intensity of light directly affects the judgment of the color of the printed sample. The intensity of light not only affects the brightness of the color, but also changes the appearance of the color.
We usually observe a light-receiving cylinder. The light-facing side is bright, and the backlight side is dark. The combination of light and dark is the middle tone. The same object is a positive color under a standard light source. If the light gradually becomes stronger, its hue will also change to a bright hue, and the brightness will be enhanced to a certain degree. Any color can become white. The reflection point of black porcelain is also white, because the light at the reflection point is concentrated and strongly reflected. In the same way, light gradually diminishes, and various colors change to a hue with low lightness. When the light weakens to a certain degree, any color will become black, because the object does not reflect any light is black. Table 1 shows the effect of light intensity on color.
The sample table in the printing workshop must meet the requirements. Generally, the illuminance needs to be around 100lx to correctly identify the color.
Two: There is a difference between seeing samples under colored light and seeing samples under daylight. In production, most of them work under the illumination of a power source, and each light source has a certain color. This brings certain difficulties to the correct judgment of the color of the original or product. When viewing under shade, the color change is generally the same color becomes lighter, and the complementary color becomes darker, such as: viewing under red light, red to lighter, yellow to orange, green to change Dark, blue becomes dark, white becomes red.
Look under the green light, green becomes lighter, blue becomes lighter, yellow becomes greenish yellow, red becomes black, white becomes green.
Viewing under yellow light, yellow becomes lighter, magenta becomes red, cyan becomes green, blue becomes black, and white becomes yellow.
Viewing under blue light, blue becomes lighter, blue becomes lighter, green becomes darker, yellow becomes black, white becomes blue.
In the printing workshop, fluorescent lamps with high color temperature (3500 ~ 4100k) and good color rendering coefficient are generally selected as sample light sources, but it should be noted that the fluorescent lamps are slightly blue-violet.
Three: Look at the sample first and then the printed product and the printed product and then the sample. The result will be slightly different. It feels different when you look at a color twice. This phenomenon is called successive color contrast reaction, and the changes are shown in Table 2.
Why is there a color contrast reaction? This is because the first look at the color excites the colored nerve fibers of that color, and then immediately looks at other colors. The other colored nerves quickly excite and cause color perception, while the colored nerves that look at the color are in a state of inhibition after excitement, and then excited Slower, causing a negative hue reaction. This reaction, together with the hue of the new color, forms a new color, so the color is changed after the change. And the hue of the change is still regular, it is to look at the complementary color of the color first.
Understand the problems in the above three aspects and understand their changing rules. We should pay attention when we actually look at the samples, so as to ensure the stability and improvement of the quality of the printed products.
The color of the gaze first followed by the change of the color followed by red, green, blue, purple and white
Red Clay Red Green Flavor Yellow Fresh Green Cyan Blue Emerald
Yellow Purple Flavor Red Gray Yellow Green Green Fresh Blue Purple Slight Purple
Green bright red orange gray green purple red purple magenta
Blue orange golden yellow green gray blue red purple light orange
Purple Orange Lemon Yellow Yellow Green Green Blue Gray Purple Green Yellow
The printed matter is divided into monochrome printing and color printing. Monochrome printing is a printing method limited to one color. Color printing can print full-color pictures. Color printing mostly adopts color separation plate to reflect various hue. The color separation plate is mostly composed of four color screen plates of red (M), yellow (Y), blue (C) and black (K). According to the principle of color separation, the hue of the color manuscript of the color separation version can directly indicate the number of dots of CMYK in the color spectrum with text. When special colors are needed, special colors other than these four colors must be used to set up spot color versions. The color identification of the spot color version can specify a hue in the color spectrum for special debugging.
The printed matter is divided into monochrome printing and color printing. Monochrome printing is a printing method limited to one color. Color printing can print full-color pictures. Color printing mostly adopts color separation plate to reflect various hue. The color separation plate is mostly composed of four color screen plates of red (M), yellow (Y), blue (C) and black (K). According to the principle of color separation, the hue of the color manuscript of the color separation version can directly indicate the number of dots of CMYK in the color spectrum with text. When special colors are needed, special colors other than these four colors must be used to set up spot color versions. The color identification of the spot color version can specify a hue in the color spectrum for special debugging. ? [next]?
Process color representation ??
Ink printing colors, there are generally two methods:
(1) Use four-color ink for printing colors, mixed dots and overlapping printing.
(2) Mix the printing inks to prepare spot colors, that is, use spot colors for printing, and use solid colors or dots to express colors. The color designation and plate making method of these two methods are different in print design.
1. In grayscale monochrome printing of monochrome printing, the deepest solid background is 100%; white is 0%, during which different shades of gray are made by different dots, that is, using percentage control. In order to facilitate reading, inverse white characters are usually applied on dark gray tones of 50% to 100%, and black characters are used between 50% and 0%, but should also be considered according to the difference of monochrome.
2. Four-color labeling for color printing Color printing uses red, yellow, blue, and black printing to produce ever-changing colors. It can make use of color-separation plate-making printing color. However, the color of the text or graphics expected in the design can be checked with the color code for the CMYK value of each color. However, some special colors such as gold, bank, and fluorescent colors cannot be composed of four-color ink overprinting, and must be printed with a special color ink of a special color version.
Color version changes ??
The requirements of modern design are diverse and changeable. To express a more perfect artistic conception or a more special effect, only restoring the colors of some image manuscripts cannot meet the required requirements. Therefore, the color plate process can be used to change or convert the order and number of color plates to meet special color design requirements. ??
1. Black and white positive film to two colors
Using two sets of color plates, use a monochrome printing machine to complete two printings, or a color changing printing machine to complete once. Two-color printing usually uses a single-color black plate, and then a color plate that takes another color as the color tone is used for combined printing. In the case where the original manuscript effect is not very good, this two-color printing method often produces unexpected results. ??
2. Color plate replacement printing
Color plate replacement printing is to change a certain color plate in the printing design, resulting in the change of color plate. The purpose is to pursue special picture effects, which can often bring unexpected effects. Among the four versions of color separation, if two or three colors are exchanged and printed, the color tone of the entire original layout will be changed, resulting in a great change. For example, the green tree is composed of yellow, blue and a little black; if the yellow version is changed to red printing and the blue version is unchanged, the green tree will become purple. Occasionally used in layout design, you will get novel effects. ??
The transfer of color positive film to two colors is to extract two of the four editions, and only two editions are printed, that is, two-color printing. It can produce a third color. For example, blue and yellow can be mixed to obtain green, and the shade of green is completely dependent on the ratio of dots between blue and yellow. A normal color is modulated into a color picture and printed through a certain two color plates to achieve a special color effect.
In the design, occasionally using this printing method will produce a fresh feeling. Applied to the performance of the environment, atmosphere, time and season of the scene can play a special creative effect. ??
In order to seek a special tone effect, one of the four-color printing can be removed, and the three-color printing can be retained. In order to make the picture effect clear and prominent, the heavier and darker version of the three colors is often used as the main color. ??
It is also possible to print one of the three editions as a spot color. For example, making the black edition silver or gold will produce a special color combination. The technique of using color transformation is suitable for the treatment of exaggeration, emphasis and special effects. ??
3. Monochrome printing
Monochrome printing refers to the use of one-plate printing, which can be black plate printing, color plate printing, or spot color printing. Spot color printing refers to a special color that is required in the special modulation design as the base color, which is completed by one-plate printing. Monochrome printing is widely used, and it will also produce rich tones to achieve satisfactory results. In monochromatic printing, color paper can also be used as the base color. The printed effect is similar to two-color printing, but it has a special charm. Special colors Special colors include glossy color printing and fluorescent color printing.
Glossy color printing mainly refers to printing gold or silver. To make a spot color version, it is usually printed with gold ink or silver ink, or mixed with gold powder, silver powder, varnish, quick-drying agent and other printing. Under normal circumstances, printing gold and silver is best to lay the ground color, because the gold ink or silver ink is printed directly on the surface of the paper, because the degree of oil absorption on the paper will affect the gloss of the gold and silver ink. Generally speaking, you can choose a certain tone base according to the design requirements. If you need a golden and warm color gloss, you can use the red version as the base color; otherwise, you can choose blue; if you want to be deep and shiny, you can choose the black base. Fluorescent color printing refers to the use of spot color plates to print fluorescent colors, and the use of fluorescent inks for printing. Because the nature of the ink is different, the printed colors are extremely dazzling and beautiful. Used in design works, it can produce distinctive and unique effects.
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