1. How much joy and worry about ink printing
When packaging and printing technology pursues environmental protection effects, people will first promote water-soluble ink products. Its biggest features are: (1) No pollution to the environment; (2) Wide source of materials; (3) Low cost and recognized green product. However, after people's long-term practice, due to the limitations of technology, we often encounter: ①difficulty in color matching; ② poor gloss; ③ warpage and warpage; ④ not resistant to water immersion; ⑤ not abrasion-resistant; ⑥ for metals such as aluminum foil and The adhesion fastness of polyolefin film is not good enough, which makes the scope of printing inks questionable. This difficult problem has seriously disturbed the popularization and application of the product and directly affected the progress of ink theory knowledge. It is now proved through analysis and research of modern ink printing technology that the occurrence of these special faults is related to the surface tension of the ink. In order to overcome the above-mentioned problems, after nearly two decades of exploration, the author summarizes the mechanism of the penetration of the water-based ink film formation process and the mechanism of action of the natural water-based anti-friction agent that resists osmotic pressure, so as to discuss with colleagues in the ink and printing industry.
Second, the mechanism of action of ink anti-friction agent
1. Anti-friction agent material The raw material of the product is firstly physical method, after filtering, concentration, separation and precipitation-the crude product will be recrystallized and refined, and the sulfate and sodium carbonate of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal are removed by chemical method Such as impurities into sodium compounds-raw materials for anti-friction agents.
Considering that it can be purchased almost everywhere in nature, especially in packaging and printing products, it is necessary to prevent the penetration of graphic ink film of packaging and printing ink, and to control and reduce the surface tension and amount of the connecting material in the ink system. After repeated comparison between packaging and printing companies in Hunan, Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Shandong, Liaoning, Henan and other places, the neutral anti-friction agent that is compatible with re-dissolution is still a natural inorganic substance without any toxic side effects of. It can not only greatly improve the glossiness and abrasion resistance of graphic ink film in packaging and printing, but also one of the simplest, lowest cost, and required elements for human body in the world.
2. The graphic printing ink film of packaging printing ink with excellent mechanism of action of abrasion resistance not only meets the above conditions, but also should add PH buffer solution to the ink system, its purpose is: under certain conditions, it can also resist foreign acids or The interference of alkali will not change the pH value of the ink by adding a small amount of acid or alkali to maintain the stability of the ink liquid pH within a certain range. Especially when the linking material is added to the linear structure of the ink system, it can make the ink crosslink-it can act as a bridge between the linear molecules, so that multiple linear molecules are bonded and crosslinked to form a network The most inexpensive water-based ink additive of the structure, the most obvious is that the degree of branching is greatly improved several times, even more than tens of times, and then the scope of packaging and printing products is expanded and the cost is reduced.
We know that the instability of the printing ink film is mainly caused by the imbalance of the osmotic pressure of the ink. Usually the main component that can maintain the ink balance is a neutral crosslinking agent. A surface phenomenon that lacks cross-linking to maintain ink stability is the large water content of the ink and the rough surface of the substrate, which can cause the water in the ink system to infiltrate the resin in the binder into the substrate, resulting in poor gloss of the packaging and printing graphic ink film. Rubbing and so on. When we have a molecular weight of as much as 106, a relative density of more than 2.1 / 25 ° C, a melting point close to 800 ° C, and a boiling point that is unbelievable, we can imagine from the phenomenon of dissolving in water, glycerin, and alcohol: Crosslinking additives can not only improve the swelling and gelation of ink during production or use, but also improve the heat resistance of packaging printing inks. No matter it is produced in a high temperature or a complex environment of low temperature operation, there will be no bubbles, pinholes and gas release due to the addition of this product, nor will it cause the picture caused by the residue of the additive in the graphic ink film. The migration, discoloration and fading of the text.
The author learned in a large number of tests: when the temperature exceeds 300 ℃, it is easy to decompose and release oxygen. This kind of oxidizability, such as carbon, sulfur, phosphorus and organic matter, is mixed and collided to cause a violent explosion, but the oxidizability of the liquid as a re-dissolving compatible water-ink anti-friction agent is much weaker than that of a solid, not to mention There has been no requirement for packaging and printing products to exceed 300 ° C.
3. The formation principle of printed graphic ink film We carefully review the packaging and printing experience in the past two thousand years. Although the printing methods are different, and the formation of graphic ink films is also varied, the most basic basic theory is: after printing, the graphic ink film on the substrate is fixed at the position of the printed place, which is often called physical There are two major categories of adsorption and chemisorption. That is: physical adsorption mainly attracts each other by the force between the ink and the molecules of the substrate, generally having less heat absorption; while chemical adsorption attracts each other by a force similar to a chemical bond, generally having more heat absorption. As an adsorption phenomenon of gas or solute on the surface of liquid or solid ink, in our daily packaging and printing, because the adsorption force of ink is often greater than that of the substrate, the ink adsorbed by the substrate is not easy to release-that is, powdering , Pinholes, falling blocks, penetration, etc., or vice versa. This is because the hydrogen bonding of the packaging printing ink has changed chemically on the substrate and no longer has the original character (state), so when the water-based ink anti-friction agent is added, it is mostly irreversible.
Why the packaging printing ink system can only pass through the dispersion medium-water (solvent) and ammoniated resin molecules / colloidal solution (professional linking material) on the printed substrate after printing, but not through the pigment (colorant) and filling Material molecules, so that the molecules of the dispersion medium are separated from the colorant molecules? Because the dispersion medium spreads out through the substrate as soon as it is printed. This phenomenon is called packaging printing ink penetration. Strictly speaking: the penetration is mostly a dispersion medium, and the dispersion medium is mostly a solvent. When two different concentrations (different solvents in the ink system and different resins) of the binder are dispersed with the fine particle colorants of different dispersing and grinding, and the ink dispersion system formed in the medium is separated by the substrate Among them, the solvent in the lower concentration of the binder solution can also penetrate into the higher concentration solvent, and most of the pigments and fillers remaining on the surface of the substrate are often called suspensions, and due to the binder in the dispersion medium ( Here only refers to resin) The composition is small or unstable, so it is easily washed away by water or other solvents or discolored by rubbing.
The above-mentioned failure occurs (penetration) and causes the loss of gloss of the graphic ink film. The use of natural ink anti-friction agents can make up for the defects after the ink film is formed (ink penetration, floating color, poor gloss, water resistance, edge warp, low color brightness and chroma, poor print flatness and difficult to print more High-speed overprinting of colors, manual blocking and program-controlled cutting, and low rate of mechanized labeling, etc.). Use the advantages of water-based anti-friction agents to promote the balance between solvents (water, alcohol), resins, pigments, fillers and substrates in the ink system. This is said to exert extra pressure to realize the dreams that have been coveted worldwide for nearly four decades.
The academic community indicates the extra pressure with the letter X. The amount of water ink anti-friction agent added determines the size of the osmotic pressure and the concentration and temperature of the binder in the packaging printing ink system (including the pH value, temperature, flatness, and water content of the substrate) and the environmental temperature of the printing workshop. ,humidity. An ideal water-soluble printing ink linking material has the following relationship:
Where XA 'is the mole fraction of the solvent (water, alcohol, etc.) in the ink binder with a higher concentration, and XA is the mole fraction of the solvent (water, alcohol, etc.) in the ink binder with a lower concentration. A is the molar volume of the solvent. If the low-concentration ink binder is replaced by a pure solvent, then XA = 1, so the above formula can be transformed into:
In addition to the general consensus on the mechanism of action of the ink anti-friction agent, the control of PH value, the resin content of the ink ink film system is too small or the unscientific reaction of the linking material in the ammoniation, which leads to the above-mentioned failures is also common. Although the above failures are attributed to poor ink suitability and instability, in the past, the domestic and foreign markets of ink brands and reading the different opinions published by various packaging and printing newspapers, an ink additive that can become a popular commodity, ink anti-friction agent still needs to be packaged and printed ink industry , Packaging and printing industry and commodity packaging customers and consumers to improve together. That is, the material source is sufficient, the purchase price is low, and the troubleshooting is simple and easy to use, and it is immediate with immediate use. As for whether it is possible to choose the principle of eliminating the printing faults proposed by the author to carry out formula design and expand the scope of application-no longer have to explore hard for this and affect the normal marketing business of packaging and printing, we still need to reach a consensus on the whole to be more green and environmentally friendly The practical significance of type ink.
Facing the different ink brands researched and developed by different regions and manufacturers in different countries today, we scientifically design and produce a new environmentally friendly water-soluble packaging printing ink product to help our country and the world packaging and printing ink companies, especially packaging and printing companies thoroughly Preventing the occurrence of the above failures is also beneficial to suppress the production and operation risks of packaging, printed products due to the inferiority of the ink, such as foam, pinholes, white spots, shrinkage holes, edge warping, penetration, floatation, and discoloration.
3. Application prospects of ink and anti-friction agents
For thousands of years, why does a water ink occasionally have one or more printing defects (faults) after using a different process for ink production and packaging printing after a formula design? But after selecting different dispersion media or different substrates and different packaging and printing processes, will the printing defects disappear? When we choose another formula design and use a process different from the above, there will be no usual production What about the failures? To stick to a so-called universal scientific theory, first of all, to understand today ’s world from a materialistic point of view, get rid of the stereotypes of the ink, and pick out additives that can suppress these failures (to make up for ink stability) The difference in substrate, the difference between the substrate (such as PH value and whiteness) and the surface tension of the ink is crucial. In a word: the failure that occurs because of it, grasp the reason to deal with it.
The author shallowly believes that there is no universal additive in the world, but water-soluble packaging printing ink anti-friction agent is one of the most widely used and most affordable additives. It's just that the application of ink and wash is very small. Not all failures are due to the quality of ink and wash products. The effects of substrate quality, mechanical pressure, operation, environmental temperature and humidity can not be ignored.
Today, before we have found a long-term and effective water-based packaging printing ink product, it may be an effective and wise choice to use water-based abrasives. This will break the existing packaging printing ink usage pattern, and its prospect is inestimable.
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