Source: China Polypropylene Net - Website of China Fiber Net | Adder: amy69 | Add time: 2009-4-27
(31) Colored Spot
**Appearance:** The fabric surface shows large areas with no color pollution in specific shapes.
**Causes:**
1. Contamination occurs when the fabric is wet and comes into contact with dyed fabrics of different colors, especially when there's a significant color difference.
2. Improper washing of equipment during processing or handling may leave residue on the fabric.
(32) Foam Pollution (Scum Spot)
**Appearance:** Foam residues are visible on the fabric surface, forming large patches or thick strips after drying, often slightly white.
**Causes:**
1. Excessive foam in the dyeing solution, usually due to improper use of dispersants or additives.
2. High foam levels in the reducing solution, particularly after dyeing with vat dyes.
3. Impurities in the phenolic coloring liquid that cannot be diazotized may lead to scum formation.
(33) Tarring Strining
**Appearance:** During dyeing, dyes clump together, causing dark stripes or short stains on the fabric surface.
**Causes:**
1. Poor solubility of the dye or high water hardness.
2. Incompatible combination of dyes and additives, or incorrect timing and order of adding them.
(34) Drum Contamination
**Appearance:** Small spots appear on the fabric surface due to unclean cylindrical devices during dyeing or finishing.
**Causes:**
1. Oily marks on the cloth guide roller.
2. Tar-like substances or fibers from the fabric sticking to the pressure roller.
3. Oil stains or dirt on the dried cylinder.
(35) Chemical Staining
**Appearance:** Discoloration, staining, or degradation on the fabric surface.
**Cause:** Exposure to chemicals that should not have been used in the fabric.
(36) Dyeing Stop Mark
**Appearance:** A 2–10 cm wide mark along the weft or transverse direction, with a darker or lighter color and a watermark-like shape.
**Causes:** Sudden machine stoppage due to power failure or mechanical issues causes the fabric to be clamped between rollers, leading to uneven dye distribution.
(37) Stain After Packaging
**Appearance:** Dark spots appear on the fabric surface after opening a sealed package.
**Causes:** Condensation of moisture inside the package causes dyes and processing agents to move, resulting in speckled stains.
(38) Blurred Pattern
**Appearance:** Printed patterns appear fuzzy or unclear.
**Causes:** Poor engraving of printing cylinders or insufficient scraper pressure in roller printing.
(39) Out-of-Print
**Appearance:** Multi-color prints do not align properly, causing misalignment or full-face printing.
**Cause:** Incorrect alignment of plates when printing multiple colors.
(40) Missing Print
**Appearance:** Some or all parts of the design are missing from the printed fabric.
**Causes:**
1. Printing paste runs out in the tank or automatic supply system fails.
2. Pump failure in the printing machine.
(41) Printing Breaks
**Appearance:** Thin lines in the pattern are intermittently missing.
**Causes:**
1. Insufficient depth of the printing plate for fine patterns.
2. High viscosity of the printing paste.
(42) Creased Print
**Appearance:** No pattern is printed on creased areas of the fabric.
**Cause:** Fabric folds or overlaps during printing prevent proper ink application.
(43) Plug Version
**Appearance:** Small dots or dot-like patterns are missing or improperly printed.
**Causes:** Sticky substances in the printing paste block the printing plate.
(44) Cross-Color
**Appearance:** Patterns appear blurred with overlapping or crossing colors.
**Causes:**
1. Low viscosity of the printing paste.
2. Overlapping of two-color pastes.
(45) Print Cylinder Pollution
**Appearance:** White backgrounds show small amounts of printing paste contamination.
**Causes:**
1. Poor mirror finish on the printing roller.
2. Scraper not in good contact with the cylinder or not sharpened.
(46) Scraper Stain
**Appearance:** A single line of color appears along the warp direction.
**Causes:** Agglomerated particles in the paste get pressed by the scraper and slide over the cylinder.
(47) Printing Thread
**Appearance:** Thin lines appear on non-printing areas of the fabric.
**Causes:** Poor engraving or damage to the printing cylinder edges, or debris scratching the drum.
(48) Printing Trails
**Appearance:** Dots on the fabric have drag marks along their length, making edges uneven.
**Causes:** Thick paste, uneven tension, or buildup on the scraper.
(49) Printing Jump Knife
**Appearance:** Wavy color changes occur along the fabric length.
**Cause:** Incorrect blade installation or pressure in the printing machine.
(50) Plate Jointing Issues
**Appearance:** Continuous patterns are not aligned at the joints.
**Causes:** Poor quality of printing plates or inaccurate control of plate spacing.
(51) Base Fabric Seam Pollution
**Appearance:** Blurry patterns appear along the width of the fabric, with inconsistent blurring.
**Causes:** Seams on the base fabric absorb more moisture, leading to wetting and diffusion of printing paste.
(52) Printing Stop Mark
**Appearance:** A 5–15 cm wide area along the fabric width has blended and infiltrated colors.
**Causes:** The printing machine stops, and the roller remains in contact with the fabric, causing excess paste penetration.
(53) Water Rolling Marks
**Appearance:** Lighter colored spots appear on dyed or printed fabrics, with deeper edges.
**Causes:** Moisture condensation during storage leads to color change, especially with vat dyes.
(54) Hair Color Spots
**Appearance:** Light, irregular flaky spots appear after hair color treatment.
**Causes:**
1. Improper ratio of dye base and color liquid.
2. High drying temperature.
3. Incomplete dissolution of reducing agent.
4. Air trapped in steam box during hot steaming.
5. Uneven temperature in steam box.
6. Incomplete oxidation of dye.
7. Direct exposure to sunlight before hair color.
(55) Resin Spots
**Appearance:** Shiny, hard resin spots appear on the fabric surface.
**Causes:** Resin not evenly dissolved, adhering to the fabric and pressing tightly.
(56) Surface Resin
**Appearance:** Resin floats on the fabric surface, leaving scratches when touched.
**Cause:** Excessive resin absorption and high drying temperature.
(57) Wool Balls
**Appearance:** Wool balls appear on the fabric surface, common in wool and polyester blends.
**Causes:** Excess hairiness on the fabric before resin processing, or lack of anti-pilling agents.
(58) Split Yarn
**Appearance:** One row of loops in weft-knitted fabric becomes flat.
**Causes:** Incorrect feeding direction during setting or resin processing.
(59) Shiny Surface
**Appearance:** Fabric surface is too flat and stiff, resembling paper.
**Cause:** Excessive tension applied during resin processing.
(60) Uneven Fabric
**Appearance:** Fabric has unevenness when laid flat.
**Causes:** Poor molding or resin processing, leading to uneven shrinkage.
(61) Poor Elasticity
**Appearance:** Stretched knitted fabric does not return to its original shape.
**Causes:** Poor crimp fastness of yarn, or excessive heat during setting.
(62) Paper-Like
**Appearance:** Fabric is smooth, stiff, and less stretchable, like paper.
**Causes:** Low shrinkage rate of chemical filaments in boiling water, leading to a rigid texture.
4. Defects from Unprocessed or Professional Processors
(1) Oil Warp (2) Oil Weft (3) Oil Yarn
(4) Oil Stains (5) Water Stains (6) Friction Marks
(7) Holes (8) Creases (9) Uneven Hair
(10) Hair Removal (11) Ripple
(1) Oil Warp
**Appearance:** A single section of warp yarn is contaminated with grease.
**Causes:** Mechanical lubricant contamination during weaving preparation.
(2) Oil Weft
**Appearance:** A single section of weft yarn is contaminated with grease.
**Causes:** Lubricant contamination during weaving or winding.
(3) Oil Yarn
**Appearance:** A section of yarn in a knitted fabric is contaminated with oil.
**Cause:** Contamination during winding or transport before weaving.
(4) Oil Stains
**Appearance:** Oil stains of varying sizes appear on the fabric.
**Causes:** Lubricant splashing during weaving or transport.
(5) Water Stains
**Appearance:** Traces of air-dried water on the fabric surface.
**Causes:** Water immersion or residual oil on the fabric.
(6) Chafe Mark
**Appearance:** Gloss, hue, or structural differences due to friction.
**Causes:** Unexpected friction during processing or slippage in the dyeing machine.
(7) Holes
**Appearance:** Holes formed by cut warp or weft yarns.
**Cause:** Sharp objects during transport or handling.
(8) Creases
**Appearance:** Folds or grooves on the fabric surface.
**Causes:** Improper folding, wrinkling, or machine adjustments during pre-treatment.
(9) Uneven Hair
**Appearance:** Tufts or loops are uneven on raised fabrics.
**Causes:** Uneven tension or improper shearing of corduroy or velvet.
(10) Hair Removal
**Appearance:** Tufts easily fall off after shearing.
**Causes:** Improper fabric structure or insufficient clamping force.
(11) Corrugated Appearance
**Appearance:** Uneven density and wave-like bending on the fabric surface.
**Causes:** Incorrect bath ratio, nozzle jet strength, or cloth guide angle during dyeing.
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