This paper mainly explains the experimental research of ink transfer and how the scientific research method is applied to the current research through the sheet-fed offset printing machine. The industrial-oriented scientific research goal is to find the latest problem-solving methods for the system, to improve technical capabilities and increase production capacity in the development framework of the new industry; also to save experimental time and costs through intensive theoretical discussions and research. Achieve a high degree of automation in the printing industry and improve economic efficiency.
At present, the printing quality and production capacity required by offset presses require high precision and high reliability. The maximum error of the thickness of the ink layer in the printing process is about 0.05
μm, or the deviation of the position of the color separation image of the color image, the maximum distance error of one color separation image from the edge of the other color separation image is 0.02 mm, which is technically acceptable under general printing conditions and corresponding printing parameters Scope.
Such a requirement can only be met through intensive research on the core process of offset printing, which in turn promotes the development and production of printing presses. The complexity of the printing process and the printing press requires a lot of scientific research.
In addition to adapting to findings from research activities on non-special printing machinery for printing machinery engineering, there are also special printing machinery research activities conducted by manufacturers of printing machinery and printing equipment systems and many research institutions in the world. Enterprises and research institutions have also participated in joint research projects, which are mainly aimed at basic research, production capacity improvement and further development.
There are commonly used tools and methods for these experiments and theoretical discussions in research activities, including the development of new tools and the development of further research methods. This article mainly introduces the scientific experimental research of ink transfer.
Design and calculation of ink transfer system
1. Ink transfer system design
The ink transfer system used for offset printing is to transfer the ink from the ink fountain to the printing plate to form a thin layer of ink on the printing plate. Obviously the amount of transferred ink depends on the image to be printed. Due to the difference in the printed image, the amount of ink in the horizontal direction to be printed has changed. For this reason, ink control is generally carried out in zones. Due to the precise requirements for the thickness of the ink layer and the prevention of diffusion effects, the design of the ink transfer system is one of the technically extremely difficult and more complex components of the printing press.
The development of each offset press depends mainly on the design of the ink transfer system. The ink transfer system should best meet the following requirements:
a. Highly uniform ink layer in the vertical and horizontal directions of the printed paper;
b, fast adjustment and sensitive response;
c. The separation between the thin layers of ink of each color separation image should be small, that is, low sensitivity to the effects of the separation (such as changes in temperature and humidity);
d, has a wide range of control variables for the amount of ink and wetting fluid;
e, economic benefits, etc.
The parameters of designing ink roller are mainly material, diameter, arrangement and movement and the number of ink roller. In the optimization process of the development, time and cost of the ink transfer system, most of the institutions used in the traditional design of the ink transfer system are based on empirical and experimental methods. Therefore, through the systematic investigation of the ink transfer process of the ink transfer system, the purpose is to establish its theoretical basis and in order to accurately design the ink transfer system in most cases, in the early days, some people were already looking for the regularity of the ink transfer system.
2. Calculation and simulation methods
In 1960, Mill first proposed the method of calculating the thickness of the ink layer in the ink transfer system. A balance equation is established for the ink volume at each ink outlet, and a balance system is obtained. In this system, the thickness of the ink layer is unknown. In order to determine the thickness of the ink layer by the geometric parameters of the ink transfer system, Ruder proposed an accurate and simple method.
Under the two algorithms proposed by Ruder, only the average ink layer thickness can be calculated. It is impossible to calculate the inclination of the ink layer thickness of the ink roller and the printing plate in the circumferential direction. In 1971, this problem was first proposed by Rech and solved with the help of a computer.
For this calculation based on the angle increase method, all the ink roller and cylinder circumferences are divided into the same size partitions. The thickness of the ink layer at each ink outlet is obtained by establishing equations and solving equations. Based on this algorithm, a further calculation method came out, which considered more and more parameters of the ink transfer system, so that it should be able to better approximate the actual thickness of the ink layer. In finding and simulating the calculation method as close as possible to the actual situation, it is crucial to determine the regularity, legitimacy and ink transfer parameters.
Proposed by Patzelt and Ruder in the FGD research project, the NKTEAM simulation program reflects the latest developments in technology. It mainly considers the following parameters:
a, the geometric parameters of the ink transfer system; b. Continuous or intermittent ink transfer; c, the transfer of ink in the circumferential direction and the lateral direction; d, the effect of the transfer and evaporation of the dampening fluid; e, temperature; f. Lateral partition; g, the absorption of ink.
The INKTEAM ink transfer system is an analog system. At the beginning, the ink transfer system is empty, the ink is separated, and the ink is transferred throughout the ink transfer system. Each simulation calculation project recalculates the printing equipment until the thickness of the ink layer in the lateral direction of the printed sheet no longer changes, that is, until Reached stable conditions. It can be seen from the calculated ink layer thickness curve that it is tested with two ink transfer systems along the length of the printed sheet.
In the first case, all the ink rollers and water rollers are in contact with the plate cylinder one after another, and the consistency between the simulation and the test is not well satisfied. This can be attributed to the interaction between many parameters considered and the accuracy of their settings. Simply changing the percentage of factors that affect ink splitting factors can lead to completely different results.
In the second case, the ink and dampening fluid are simultaneously transferred to the plate cylinder through the dampening roller, which can produce good results, that is, there are actually three ink rollers that are idle, and through the dampening system, the ink roller And the wetting roller to transfer ink.
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