Tsinghua University's joint scientific research team has achieved a major breakthrough in the field of condensed matter physics

Over the past 4 years, more than 20 students participated, tried more than 1,000 samples, and finally solved a bottleneck in the development of microelectronics and integrated circuits. Tsinghua University and the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences jointly announced in Beijing today that their team has observed the first quantum anomalous Hall effect experimentally. This major scientific and technological discovery is a major breakthrough in the field of condensed matter physics, which will likely accelerate the advancement of the information technology revolution and develop extremely low-power electronic devices in the future.

It is understood that the quantum Hall effect is one of the most important and basic quantum effects in the entire field of physics, especially in the field of condensed matter physics, as long as it is a physical phenomenon, researchers will involve physical phenomena. Since the 1980s, German and American scientists have discovered the entire quantum effect and the non-quantitative Hall effect, and they have all won the Nobel Prize in Physics.

Since 2009, a joint experimental team composed of Wang Yayu, Chen Xi, Jia Jinfeng of the Department of Physics of Tsinghua University led by Academician Xue Qikun and Ma Xucun, He Ke, Wang Lili and Lu Li of the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, together with Fang Zhong, Dai Xi, Zhang Shousheng, etc. Theoretical physicists collaborated to start the experimental realization of the anomalous Hall effect of the vectoron and launch an impact. Over the past four years, the team has grown and measured more than 1,000 samples, overcame numerous obstacles, and finally observed the quantum anomalous Hall effect experimentally in magnetically doped topological insulator films.

"The achievement of this achievement is a successful example of long-term accumulation, collaborative innovation and collective research of scientists in China." Xue Qikun, a leading scientist of the experimental team, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and a professor of Tsinghua University, introduced this achievement on March 15th, Beijing time. Published online in the US "Science" magazine, Chang Cuizu, Zhang Jinsong, Feng Ni, Ph.D. students of the Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, and Shen Jie, a Ph.D. student of the Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences are co-first authors.

In an interview with reporters, Professor Yang Zhenning, the Nobel Prize winner and Honorary Dean of the Institute for Advanced Studies of Tsinghua University, said that this major scientific discovery was a "Nobel Prize Prize Paper" published in the Chinese laboratory.

Professor Zhang Shousheng, a professor at Stanford University, a professor at the "Thousand Talents Program" at Tsinghua University, and one of the pioneers in the field of topological insulators, said: "Training for thousands of days and using troops for a while. China's well-equipped laboratory, coupled with an extremely diligent and cooperative team Finally, this theoretical prediction has become a great reality. In the information technology revolution, Chinese scientists have contributed to the struggle for strategic commanding heights. It can be said that keen vision and sincere cooperation are the foundation of independent innovation. "

【Hall Effect】

More than 130 years ago, the American physicist Hall discovered the Hall effect and the abnormal Hall effect. In a conductor carrying current, if a magnetic field perpendicular to the direction of the current is applied, due to the effect of the Lorentz force, the trajectory of electrons will be deflected, thereby generating a voltage across the conductor perpendicular to the direction of the current and the magnetic field. This phenomenon of electromagnetic transport is known as the Hall effect. The Hall effect can be observed without the addition of an external magnetic field. The Hall effect in this zero magnetic field is the Hall anomaly effect.

【News background】

Quantum Hall effect research has won three Nobel Prizes

In the study of condensed matter physics, the quantum Hall effect occupies an extremely important position. Previous important work in this area includes-

â–¡ Integer quantum Hall effect (found in 1980, Nobel Prize in Physics in 1985);

â–¡ Fractional quantum Hall effect (found in 1982, Nobel Prize in Physics in 1998);

â–¡ Half-integer quantum Hall effect in graphene (found in 2005, Nobel Prize in Physics in 2010);

â–¡ Quantized spin Hall effect (found in 2007, European Physics Award in 2010, Barkley Award of the American Physical Society in 2012).

The quantum anomalous Hall effect is another major development in this field, and may be the last important member of the quantum Hall effect family.

Broad application prospects

In today's information society, semiconductor technology is developing rapidly, but how to dissipate heat during computer operation has become a bottleneck problem that plagues the development of the semiconductor and information industries. The discovery of the quantum anomalous Hall effect will hopefully solve this problem. Because this effect may play a special role in future electronic devices, it can be used to prepare high-speed electronic devices with low energy consumption. Scientists can make electrons move along a fixed trajectory without strong magnetic fields, reducing heat and energy loss caused by random collisions of electrons. Through density integration, the volume of the computer will also be greatly reduced in the future, and the supercomputer of 100 billion times is expected to be as large as the current iPad. Therefore, the application prospect of this scientific research result is very broad.

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