The UV weathering test machine uses fluorescent UV lamps to simulate the destructive effect of sunlight on durable materials. The equipment conducts the test by exposing the material to be tested in a controlled alternating cycle of sunlight and moisture while increasing the temperature. The equipment uses ultraviolet fluorescent lamps to simulate sunlight, and can also simulate the effect of moisture through condensation or spraying.
It only takes a few days or a few weeks, and the device can reproduce the damage caused by outdoor months or years. The damage caused mainly includes discoloration, discoloration, decreased brightness, chalking, cracking, blurring, embrittlement, reduced strength and oxidation. The test data provided by the equipment is of great help in the selection of new materials, the improvement of existing materials or the evaluation of composition changes that affect the durability of products. The device can excellently predict the changes the product will encounter outdoors.
Simulation of ultraviolet (UV) and sunlight
Although ultraviolet light (UV) accounts for only 5% of sunlight, it is the main lighting factor that causes the durability of outdoor products to decrease. This is because the influence of sunlight's photochemical reaction increases with decreasing wavelength. Therefore, when simulating the impact of sunlight on the physical properties of materials, there is no need to reproduce the entire sunlight spectrum. In most cases, you only need to simulate short-wave UV light.
The reason why the UV weather resistance testing machine uses UV lamps is that they are more stable than other lamps, and can better reproduce the test results. Using fluorescent UV lamps to simulate the effects of sunlight on physical properties, such as brightness reduction, cracking, and flaking, is the best method. There are several different UV lamps to choose from. Most of these UV lamps mainly produce ultraviolet light instead of visible light and infrared light. The main difference between lamps is the total UV energy they produce in their respective wavelength ranges. Different lamps will produce different test results. The actual exposure application environment can prompt which type of UV lamp should be used.
Simulation of moisture condensation
The time when the outdoor materials are exposed to moisture can be as long as 12 hours per day. The research results show that the main reason for this outdoor humidity is dew, not rain. The UV weathering test machine simulates the effect of outdoor moisture through a series of unique condensation principles. In the condensation circulation circle of the equipment, there is a Water storage tank at the bottom of the tank body, and it is heated to generate water vapor. Hot steam maintains the relative humidity in the test chamber at 100% and maintains a relatively high temperature. The design of the product ensures that the test specimen actually constitutes the side wall of the test chamber, so that the back of the specimen is exposed to the ambient air in the room. The cooling effect of indoor air causes the surface temperature of the test piece to drop to a level a few degrees below the steam temperature. The appearance of this temperature difference leads to the liquid water generated by condensation on the surface of the test piece during the entire condensation cycle. This condensation product is very stable pure distilled water. This pure water improves the reproducibility of the test while avoiding water stains.
Since the time of outdoor exposure to moisture can be as long as 12 hours per day, the humidity cycle of the ultraviolet weather test machine generally lasts for several hours. We recommend that each condensation cycle last at least 4 hours. Note that the UV exposure and condensation exposure in the equipment are carried out separately, which is consistent with the actual climatic conditions.
Simulation of water spray
For some applications, water spray can better simulate the environmental conditions of the end use. Water spraying is extremely useful in simulating mechanical erosion caused by drastic temperature changes and rain erosion. Roofing, automotive materials, and coatings used on metal buildings or structures often encounter sudden temperature changes. For example, in the hot summer, when heat builds up, it suddenly dissipates due to heavy rain. The consequences of this drastic temperature change are a challenge for many materials. The UV weathering tester / spray type is specially designed to reproduce this condition.
Due to frequent erosion from rain, the paint layer of wood, including paint and colorants, will appear to corrode accordingly. Recent research structure shows that this kind of rain erosion action can wash away the paint layer with anti-degradation effect on the surface of the material, thus directly exposing the material itself to the damaging effects of UV and moisture. This process can be repeated many times, resulting in a material degradation phenomenon that cannot be reproduced by condensation alone.
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